Every fall the IRS updates key tax numbers for the coming year, and the 2025 figures just landed. If you’ve been thinking about making gifts to family, funding education plans, or doing bigger picture estate planning, these updates are worth a look.

The Two Big Changes

1. Annual gift exclusion

   
   

   For 2025, you can give $19,000 per person without having to file a gift-tax return. That’s up from $18,000 this year. If you’re married, you and your spouse can combine your gifts, so together you can give $38,000 per recipient.

   
   

2. Lifetime estate & gift tax exemption

   
   The total amount you can transfer over your lifetime (or at death) without paying federal estate or gift tax rises to $13.99 million per individual, or $27.98 million for a married couple.

   
   Those are big numbers, but there’s a catch: the current high exemption is scheduled to shrink. Unless Congress acts, the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act sunsets at the end of 2025, and the lifetime exemption will drop to roughly just under $7 million per person (inflation-adjusted). For families with significant wealth, 2025 could be a pivotal year to act.

Why This Matters (Even if You’re Not Ultra-Wealthy)

It’s easy to think, “My estate isn’t anywhere near $14 million, so this doesn’t affect me.” But these thresholds can create opportunities long before you’re in billionaire territory. Maybe you’ve thought about:

• Helping a child or grandchild with college tuition or a first home down payment

• Jump-starting a 529 college savings plan

• Setting up a trust to pass along a family business or vacation home

  
  

These updates mean you can give a little more each year without extra paperwork—and, for those with larger estates, you can move more assets tax-free while the window is open.

Practical Moves to Consider for 2025

Here are a few strategies you might explore with your own advisor or tax pro:

1. Bigger lifetime transfers

   
   

   With the exemption at $13.99 million, you can shift more wealth into irrevocable trusts or make significant gifts now—before the possible drop in 2026—without paying federal estate or gift tax.

   
   

2. Annual gifts - no return required

   
   Give up to $19,000 per person ($38,000 if you’re gifting as a couple) and stay off the IRS radar. Go over that and you’ll need to file Form 709 to track the excess against your lifetime limit, but no immediate tax bill until you exceed the lifetime cap.

3. Super-fund a 529 plan

   
   Because of the higher exclusion, you can “front-load” up to $95,000 into a child’s or grandchild’s college account in one year using the five-year election. That can give the money more time to grow tax-free.

4. Review trust taxation

   
   If you’re considering an irrevocable trust, check whether it will be treated as a grantor trust (where you pay the income tax) or a non-grantor trust (where the trust pays). The difference can matter for your long-term plan.

5. International & cross-border gifts

   
   The thresholds for reporting gifts from non-U.S. citizens or to foreign recipients have also shifted upward. If you or a family member lives abroad or plans to move overseas, the new limits help avoid accidental reporting headaches.

Bottom Line

You don’t need to memorize every IRS table to take advantage of these changes, but you should know the highlights. Even a modest gifting plan can add up over time, and for families with larger estates the next 18 months may be a once-in-a-generation chance to transfer wealth tax-free.

I’ve pulled all the 2025 numbers into a simple reference chart so you don’t have to dig through IRS Revenue Procedure 2024-40 yourself.

Download the 2025 Estate Planning Reference Guide